Edit Lesson: Gears and chains, ropes and pulleys

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Title:	Gears and chains, ropes and pulleys
Description:	Conversion between angular and linear motion and transmission of force and torque over distances is practical in many situations. This can be realized with gears, chains, rods, rope and pulleys. This lesson allows the student to construct both simple and compli- cated systems for converting motion and transmitting force. The technique is applied to realizing a mechanical machine designed by the students.
Target:	Key Stage 1 Key Stage 2 Key Stage 3 Key Stage 4 Key Stage 5 Key Stage 6
Category:	Demonstration Exercise Laboratory Group work
Discipline:	Static forces Dynamic forces Friction Gravity Motion Energy Momentum Optics Fluids and gases Thermodynamics Work
Learning objectives:	* Conversion between linear and rotational motion * Gears and mechanical advantage * Force and torque transmission * Design for a purpose * Evaluate a construction from a design criteria
In class:	Discuss examples of systems that involves conversion between linear and rotational motion. Discuss systems that involves force transmission over short and long distances. What forms of force transmission do you know of? What is the purpose of having gears? When are pulleys used? Let the students invent a mechanical device for some specific purpose that involves gears and chains or rope and pulleys - it might be a replica of some existing device or pure fantasy. Make a design for the device and build a simulation. Let the students evaluate the device with respect to the purpose of it. What modifications can be done. Let the students present their results.

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Headline/Step:	Create a scene
Describe:	Explore the tools for making gears and chains - rope and pulleys. Make simple systems that transmit force and torque and convert between linear and rotational motion. Use a hinge motor to drive the system - or use the gravitational pull. Observe the effect on mo- tion and force of changing the gear size and number of pulleys
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Headline/Step:	Design a system*
Describe:	Create a mechanical device for some specific purpose that involves gears and chains or rope and pulleys. It might be a replica of some existing or historical device or pure fantasy. <nowiki></nowiki> Pure 2D has some restrictions. If you try to make a bicycle with chains and gears you may find that these collide with the wheels. The solution in Algodoo is to use different “collision layers” for different parts.
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Headline/Step:	Run/interact
Describe:	Run the simulation and interact with it.
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Headline/Step:	Evaluate
Describe:	Does the device operate as you planned? Can it be modified to be improved?
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Edit Lesson: Gears and chains, ropes and pulleys

From Algodoo